GAO-16-410G August 2016

Managing complex Information Technology (IT) acquisitions has been a long-standing challenge for federal agencies. Many of the government's most costly and complex acquisition efforts require the development of cutting-edge technologies and their integration into large and complex systems. Such acquisition efforts use existing technologies, but in new applications or environments. Anyone that has worked in IT knows that the technology (both hardware and software) evolves rapidly and keeping up with the latest capability while relying on government acquisition procedures is challenging to say the least. Soon as you think you are on the cutting edge you find that the edge just moved further away.
The Technology Readiness Assessment (TRA) is a systematic, evidence-based process that evaluates the maturity of hardware and software technologies critical to the performance of a larger system or the fulfillment of the key objectives of an acquisition program. TRAs, which measure the technical maturity of a technology or system at a specific point in time, do not eliminate technology risk, but when done well, can illuminate concerns and serve as the basis for realistic discussions on how to mitigate potential risks as programs move from the early stages of technology development, where resource requirements are relatively modest, to system development and beyond, where resource requirements are often substantial.

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Technology Readiness Assessment Guide: GAO-16-410G August 2016 - häftad, Engelska, 2016